The Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for the Nepal Private Sector-led Mini-grid Energy Access Project outlines guidelines to manage environmental and social risks associated with renewable energy mini-grid subprojects, including micro/mini-hydro and solar systems, aimed at expanding electricity access in rural off-grid areas. It details risk assessment processes, stakeholder engagement, grievance mechanisms, and strategies to ensure inclusivity, gender equality, and the protection of vulnerable communities while promoting sustainable energy development.